Well Water Testing · Des Moines, IA
Water testing in Des Moines
Water testing for Iowa homes, above all those on a private well. An accredited laboratory can test the water for coliform bacteria and E. coli…
Des Moines · Polk County
Well Water Testing in Des Moines
Water testing for Iowa homes, above all those on a private well. An accredited laboratory can test the water for coliform bacteria and E. coli, nitrate, arsenic and more. Iowa DNR recommends testing a private well at least once a year.
Des Moines is Iowa's capital and largest city, a mix of historic neighborhoods and postwar suburbs on Des Moines Lobe till. Housing here runs to historic neighborhoods and extensive postwar suburbs, across the historic core neighborhoods and the surrounding suburbs.
Des Moines is served by our Des Moines team → · (563) 517-7815
Well water in Polk County
Most Polk County homes sit on city water, but a USGS-based estimate counts roughly 9,985 residents on private wells. The Iowa DNR recommends yearly bacteria and nitrate testing and arsenic at least once, with more arsenic testing if levels are elevated.
County facts checked October 2026 against: iowadnr.gov.
Home inspection in Des Moines → · Water testing in Iowa, explained →
Water tests available in Des Moines
Bacteria
Shows whether surface water or waste is reaching the well.
- Surface contamination reaching the well
- Fecal contamination from septic, manure or wildlife
Health chemicals
No taste, color or smell. These are the long-term health checks.
- Fertilizer, septic and manure; highest risk to infants10 mg/L (EPA)
- Natural arsenic from rock and soil10 µg/L (EPA)
- Lead service lines, solder and brass fixtures
- ManganeseNatural manganese; a concern for infants
- FluorideNatural fluoride; dental health4.0 mg/L (EPA)
- UraniumNatural radionuclide in groundwater30 µg/L (EPA)
Petroleum & solvents
Fuel and chemical spills from old tanks or nearby sites.
Household quality
Staining, scale and taste, and choosing the right treatment.
- IronRusty staining and metallic taste
- HardnessScale buildup; sizing a water softenerNo health standard
- pHCorrosive or scaling water6.5 to 8.5, aesthetic (EPA)
- SulfateTaste and odor; diarrhea risk for infants250 mg/L, aesthetic (EPA)
Limits shown are EPA drinking water standards. Compare your lab results with these values.
Des Moines private well testing timeline
| Test | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 | Year 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coliform bacteria | ||||||
| Nitrate | ||||||
| Arsenic |
When to test your water
- Every yearColiform bacteria and nitrate, the basic safety checks for a private well.
- At least onceArsenic and manganese. Iowa DNR's testing list repeats arsenic every 3 years.
- Before a baby drinks the waterNitrate. Water above 10 mg/L as nitrogen should not be used for infant formula or juice.
- When you buy a homeA full baseline while you can still ask questions or negotiate.
- New well or well workWhen a well is new and after service on the well or pump.
- After a flood or power outageIf flood water was near or reached the well, or an outage dropped the water pressure.
- When taste, color or smell changesA change in the water is a reason to test.
- Near a fuel tankVOCs, plus DRO for diesel and fuel oil. Iowa DNR names gasoline among the VOCs some wells are susceptible to, and Iowa's well rules list 100 feet between a well and a liquid fuel storage tank other than propane.
- City water in an older homeLead. Iowa DNR says homes built before 1986 are more likely to have lead pipes, fixtures and solder.
Based on: Iowa DNR private wells, Iowa DNR testing frequency, Iowa DNR why test, Iowa DNR floods, State Hygienic Laboratory, 567 IAC 49.
How to get it done
- Choose your testsPick the water testing you need in the free instant quote.
- Pick a timeBook online. The quote takes about 30 seconds.
- Get certified lab resultsA certified laboratory analyzes the water and reports each result.
Well water around Des Moines, Polk County
How far a well must be from common hazards in Des Moines
- Property line4 ft
- Building sewer line10 ft
- LP gas tank15 ft
- Roadside ditch15 ft
- Stream, pond, lake or wetland25 ft
- Septic tank50 ft
- Septic absorption field100 ft
- Fuel oil or gasoline tank100 ft
- Fertilizer or chemical storage150 ft
Septic, feedlot or fuel tank near the well? A coliform and nitrate test shows whether it is reaching the water. Get a free instant quote
Buying a home with a well in Des Moines: what happens at the sale
- Groundwater Hazard StatementIowa Code 558.69 requires a groundwater hazard statement filed with the declaration of value when a listed condition (including any known well and its status under 455B.190, or a private sewage disposal system) exists on the property, signed by a seller or agent, with a copy given to the buyer.
- Wells on the propertyIf known wells are on the property, the statement must give the approximate location of each and its status under Iowa Code 455B.190 (abandoned wells properly plugged); the owner is responsible for the accuracy of the information.
- Septic time-of-transfer inspectionIowa Code 455B.172(11) requires a private sewage disposal system serving a building to be inspected before any transfer of ownership, by a DNR-certified inspector, and the county recorder will not record the deed without the report or a binding acknowledgment.
- Failing systemsA system that is failing to treat wastewater must be renovated to current standards by the seller or, by agreement and within a reasonable time set by the county board of health or DNR, by the buyer (455B.172(11)(c)).
The paperwork tells you a well exists, not what is in it. Add water testing to your inspection. Get a free instant quote
Questions
Common questions.
Who needs well water testing in Iowa?
Any home on a private well, and above all one you are buying. Iowa DNR recommends testing a private well at least once a year, and also when a well is new, after work on the well or pump, and when the water changes in look, smell or taste.
Is well water testing part of the home inspection?
It is an add-on. Add it to your home inspection quote. Testing early in your inspection window leaves time to act on the results.
My home is on city water in Iowa. Is water testing still worth it?
Often, yes. Lead in drinking water comes mainly from service lines and home plumbing. Iowa DNR says a water system cannot control the materials used in home plumbing. Your utility sends a Consumer Confidence Report each year. Under the federal Lead and Copper Rule, utilities sample selected homes, those more likely to have lead plumbing. Iowa community water systems had to prepare a lead service line inventory under the federal rule, and it must be publicly available. DNR expects homes built after 1988 to have service lines made of something other than lead. To learn what your service line is made of, ask your water utility. DNR also notes that utilities are not required to offer lead testing on request. EPA says testing is the only sure way to know whether harmful amounts of lead are in your water.
How often should an acreage well near Des Moines be tested?
The Iowa DNR's private well page lists bacteria and nitrate as annual tests, and recommends every private well be tested for arsenic at least one time, with more testing if levels are elevated. Test sooner when a well is new, after work on the well or pump, after a power outage that drops water pressure, and when the water changes in look, smell or taste.
What drives defects in Des Moines homes?
Des Moines Lobe till is heavy, poorly drained clay that holds water against foundations and moves with moisture. That combination drives basement seepage and foundation cracking more than anything else here, so grading, drain tile and sump performance lead the report. Radon is the second priority — Polk County is Zone 1 and Iowa's levels are the highest in the nation.
What does Iowa say about the wellhead itself?
Under 567 IAC 49.17, a well not in a wellhouse needs a cap that seals tightly against the casing, and the casing must terminate at least one foot above finished grade. A cap on a well with a pitless adapter needs a screened vent at least 12 inches above the ground. Section 49.8 says wells cannot be located in basements or in frost pits. These are the construction rules for new wells. Cap, casing height and drainage around the wellhead keep surface water out, and a bacteria test shows whether they are doing their job.
Who is allowed to do well work in Iowa?
Iowa requires well services to be done by a DNR-certified well contractor who is on site and in direct charge of the work, under 567 IAC 82.2(1) and 49.4(3). The one exception is that a person may perform well services on their own property. DNR certifies well drillers, pump installers and well plugging contractors, and they have different scopes. You can check a contractor's status on DNR's lists. A lab result helps show whether the well needs a DNR-certified contractor.
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Questions about well water testing
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